Learn the differences and similarities between Functional and Naturopathic Medicine…

What is Functional Medicine?

Functional Medicine addresses the underlying causes of disease, using a systems-oriented approach and engaging both patient and practitioner in a therapeutic partnership. By shifting the traditional disease-centered focus of medical practice to a more patient-centered approach, Functional Medicine addresses the whole person, not just an isolated set of symptoms.

There are 7 basic principles underlying Functional Medicine:

1. Science-based medicine that connects the emerging research base to clinical practice.
2. Biochemical individuality based on genetic and environmental uniqueness
3. Patient-centered care rather than disease-focused treatment
4. Dynamic balance of internal and external factors that affect total functioning
5. Web-like interconnections among the body’s physiological processes also affect every aspect of functionality
6. Health as a positive vitality, not merely the absence of disease
7. Promotion of organ reserve as a means to enhance the health span

How was Functional Medicine Developed?

Dr. Jeffery Bland and his wife developed the Institute of Functional Medicine in 1991.  Dr. Bland is a nutritional biochemist and registered clinical laboratory director.  He is a former professor of biochemistry at the University of Puget Sound, and a previous Director of Nutritional Research at the Linus Pauling Institute of Science and Medicine. He was the first member of the Board of Trustees of Bastyr University, the first federally accredited university in the United States offering graduate and undergraduate degrees in natural medicine and contributed significantly to its founding and accreditation.

Dr. Bland was involved with Bastyr University one of the accredited Naturopathic Medical schools in Seattle, Washington prior to the development of functional medicine. It is also known that the Institute of Functional Medicine has many Naturopathic Doctors on their staff holding positions such as educators, curriculum creation, and even on the board of directors.

What is Naturopathic Medicine?

Naturopathic medicine is a distinct system of primary health care that emphasizes prevention and the self-healing process through the use of natural therapies. Naturopathic doctors (NDs) blend centuries-old knowledge and a philosophy that nature is the most effective healer with current research on health and human systems.

Naturopathic diagnosis focuses on identifying the underlying causes of disease, while naturopathic therapies are supported by research drawn from peer-reviewed journals from many disciplines, including naturopathic medicine, conventional medicine, European complementary medicine, clinical nutrition, phytotherapy, pharmacognosy, homeopathy, psychology and spirituality.

The therapeutic modalities used in naturopathic medicine (including physical manipulation, clinical nutrition, botanical medicine, homeopathy and hydrotherapy) integrate conventional, scientific and empirical methodology with the ancient laws of nature.

The philosophy and the therapies of naturopathic medicine, which have their origins in Hippocrates and the traditional and indigenous medicines of the world, first became a distinct profession in Germany in the mid-1800s. In 1896, Dr. Benedict Lust, MD, brought naturopathy to America and established the first naturopathic college, the Yungborn Health Institute in New Jersey. Naturopathic medicine has since been present in the US for over a century.

The Following Principles Are The Foundation of Naturopathic Medical Practice:

• The Healing Power of Nature (Vis Medicatrix Naturae): Naturopathic medicine recognizes an inherent self-healing process in people that is ordered and intelligent. Naturopathic physicians act to identify and remove obstacles to healing and recovery, and to facilitate and augment this inherent self-healing process.
• Identify and Treat the Causes (Tolle Causam): The naturopathic physician seeks to identify and remove the underlying causes of illness rather than to merely eliminate or suppress symptoms.
• First Do No Harm (Primum Non Nocere):Naturopathic physicians follow three guidelines to avoid harming the patient:
  • Utilize methods and medicinal substances which minimize the risk of harmful side effects, using the least force necessary to diagnose and treat;
  • Avoid when possible the harmful suppression of symptoms; and
  • Acknowledge, respect, and work with individuals’ self-healing process.
• Doctor as Teacher (Docere): Naturopathic physicians educate their patients and encourage self-responsibility for health. They also recognize and employ the therapeutic potential of the doctor-patient relationship.
• Treat the Whole Person: Naturopathic physicians treat each patient by taking into account individual physical, mental, emotional, genetic, environmental, social, and other factors. Since total health also includes spiritual health, naturopathic physicians encourage individuals to pursue their personal spiritual development.
• Prevention: Naturopathic physicians emphasize the prevention of disease by assessing risk factors, heredity and susceptibility to disease, and by making appropriate interventions in partnership with their patients to prevent illness.

The Similarities and Differences Between Functional Medicine and Naturopathic Medicine:

Functional Medicine and Naturopathic Medicine are similar in many ways including the incorporation of evidence-based medicine, patient centered care, a whole person approach, and treating the cause rather than just the symptoms.

What has happened is that there has been an increase in demand for holistic, patient-centered care. This has lead MDs and DOs to further their education with functional medicine in order to broaden their scope of practice to incorporate nutrition and natural therapies as well as to perform functional testing.  All of which are part of the curriculum of accredited naturopathic medical programs.

The MDs and DOs obtain functional medical education after graduation in order to learn a more natural approach to medicine, whereas NDs are taught this natural approach throughout their medical training.

One of the major differences in comparing these two fields of medicine is the naturopathic vitalistic principle, the healing power of nature.  This principle is what sets NDs apart.  NDs trust in and support the bodies’ innate ability to heal itself.  All naturopathic therapies work in concert with this vital force to enhance and support the healing capacity.  As naturopathic doctors we simply facilitate this healing ability by removing obstacles to cure and giving the body what it needs.

Another difference lies within a similarity. While both fields aim to treat the cause, they have different ideas of the said cause.  From a functional medical standpoint, they are educated on eradication of the microbe leading to disease.  Whereas from a naturopathic standpoint, our education is based upon evaluation of the terrain.  Terrain being the unique susceptibility of the individual based on lifestyle, environment, and constitutional aspects of the person.  This is the basis of why some people become ill while other do not when exposed to the same microbe.

If you are interested in taking a naturopathic approach to health, contact our office at (804) 977-2634 to schedule an appointment with one of our practitioners.