By Dr. Leah Hollon, ND, MPH

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October 23, 2024

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October serves as National Down Syndrome Awareness Month. Even though Down Syndrome (DS) is the most common genetic condition in the United States, affecting approximately 1 in every 700 live births, specific support is still needed. While individuals with DS face unique health challenges due to physical stature and structure, a naturopathic perspective provides a more holistic approach. This approach focuses on individualized nutrition, disease prevention, and the promotion of overall well-being for individuals with DS.

Understanding the Health Challenges of Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome can lead to several health issues. Some of the most common include heart defects (affecting 40-50% of individuals with DS), thyroid imbalances, and sensitivities to dairy and gluten (celiac disease). Additionally, individuals with DS are at a higher risk for certain conditions, such as:

• Infections, including COVID-19, flu, and autoimmune diseases
• Insulin resistance, which can increase the likelihood of developing Type 2 diabetes
• Cardiovascular disease (CVD)  
• Dementia, with up to 70% of individuals developing early-onset Alzheimer’s disease by their 30s
• Leukemia and other immune system disorders

Due to these increased risks, individuals with DS often experience a reduction in lifespan. One reason is that many individuals need more nutrients available for daily function to keep up with the demand. Additionally, the early onset of amyloid-β (Aβ) protein deposits in the brain and heart can start as early as age 12 and significantly contribute to these conditions. By the age of 30, the majority of individuals with DS exhibit some level of amyloid (the plaques that are the hallmark of Alzheimer’s) buildup, leading to inflammation, oxidative stress, and cognitive decline. However, nutrient support and adequate nutrition are crucial in preventing these diseases. The point is that we can work preventivelyearly in one’s life. 

The Importance of Nutrition for Down Syndrome

Nutritional support is imperative for individuals with Down Syndrome, as their unique metabolic and digestive challenges require careful attention. Palate issues, feeding difficulties, and impaired digestion can also play a factor. Additionally, the higher risk of conditions such as hypothyroidism and celiac disease further emphasizes the importance of tailored dietary support.

A naturopathic approach to nutrition for Down Syndrome can include supplements and foods rich in specific vitamins and minerals known to support overall health, reduce oxidative stress, and promote cognitive function and repair.

 

Essential nutrients that are typically low or depleted in DS include:

• Acetyl L-carnitine: Helps boost energy production and supports brain health. Foods high in acetyl L-carnitine include: 3oz steak (81mg), 8 fl oz whole milk (8mg), 1 medium avocado (2mg) 
• B9 (Folate) and B12: Crucial for healthy brain function and the production of DNA and red blood cells. Foods high in vitamins B9 and B12 include: one cup of cooked kidney beans (131 mcg),  1 large egg (22 mcg), 1 cup of raw spinach (58 mcg)
• Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg): Support bone health and muscle function. Foods high in Ca and Mg include: 1 tbsp chia seeds (76 mg calcium and 40 mg magnesium), 1 cup cooked white beans (161 mg of calcium and 113 mg magnesium), 1 oz almonds 75 mg calcium and 76 mg magnesium)
• Copper (Cu) and Iron (Fe): Help in the production of red blood cells and immune function. Foods high in Cu and Fe include: 1 tablespoon spirulina (44% of the recommended daily intake of Cu and 2 mg of Fe – recommended value varies), 4 dried shiitake mushrooms (89% of the recommended daily intake of Cu and .4 mg of Fe), 3 oz beef liver (1144% of copper and 6.5 mg of Fe)
• Vitamin E: A potent antioxidant that helps combat oxidative stress. Foods high in vitamin E include: 1 oz of dry roasted sunflower seeds (7.4 mg), 1 oz dry roasted almonds (6.8 mg), ½ medium avocado (2 mg)
• Zinc (Zn) and Silicon (Si): Support immune function and tissue repair. Foods high in Zn and Si include: 1 cup of green beans (2.4 mg of Zn and 7 mg of Si), 1 medium banana (4.7 mg Si), 3.5 oz ground beef (4.8 mg of Zn)

Additionally, those living with DS should be tested for specific food intolerances to dairy, grain, and even celiac disease. Added lab work may also be essential for assessing specific individual nutrient deficiencies.

Read more for wholesome, nutrient-dense recipe ideas.

Naturopathic Solutions for Long-Term Health

A naturopathic approach to Down Syndrome goes beyond just addressing the symptoms of various health conditions. Focusing on whole-body wellness through reducing oxidative stress and inflammation while providing nutritional interventions promotes cognitive function and long-term health. 

For instance, addressing insulin resistance early on can help mitigate the development of cardiovascular issues and diabetes. Reducing exposure to inflammatory foods such as gluten and dairy while incorporating nutrient-dense whole foods can further support digestion and immune health. Finally, ensuring adequate levels of antioxidants, like vitamins E and C, have been shown to slow the progression of cognitive decline by reducing oxidative damage.

Conclusion

The naturopathic approach to Down Syndrome focuses on supporting the unique needs of each individual by emphasizing disease prevention and nutrition. By addressing both the genetic predispositions and environmental factors influencing health, naturopathic doctors can offer a personalized care plan that optimizes overall well-being. With the proper nutritional support and lifestyle adjustments, individuals with Down Syndrome can lead healthier and more fulfilling lives. It is prevention at its best!

If you or someone you love is living with DS and would like more support or information, reach out to us at 804-977-2634 to schedule an appointment. 

 

References:

1. https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/hn-3565005  
2. https://www.indi.ie/diseases,-allergies-and-medical-conditions/disability/396-down-syndrome-and-nutrition.html
3. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2015;66(3):189-94. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26400113/ 
4. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020 Aug;196(2):607-617. doi: 10.1007/s12011-019-01938-6.
5. Alzheimers Dement. 2015 Jun;11(6):700-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.10.007. Epub 2014 Dec 12.
6. Front Neurosci. 2020 Jul 8:14:670. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00670. eCollection 2020
7. (https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-causes-and-risk-factors/alzheimers-disease-people-down-syndrome)